Vitamin B6 - Pyridoxine
Pyridoxine, or vitamin B6, is necessary for the absorption and metabolism of amino acids.
It also plays roles in the use of fats in the body and in the formation of red blood cells.
Pyridoxine deficiency is characterized by skin disorders, cracks at the mouth corners, smooth tongue, convulsions, dizziness, nausea, anemia, and
kidney stones. The best sources of pyridoxine are whole (but not enriched) grains, cereals, bread, liver, avocadoes, spinach, green beans, and
bananas. Pyridoxine is needed in proportion to the amount of protein consumed.
See: Vitamin B12
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More on Vitamin B6
What foods provide vitamin B6?
Vitamin B6 is found in a wide variety of foods including fortified cereals,
beans, meat, poultry, fish, and some fruits and vegetables . The table of selected food sources of vitamin B6 suggests many dietary
sources of B6.
The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) is the average daily dietary intake level that is sufficient to meet
the nutrient requirements of nearly all (97 to 98 percent) healthy individuals in each life-stage and gender group.
The 1998 RDAs for vitamin B6 for adults, in milligrams, are:
| Life-Stage |
Men |
Women |
Pregnancy |
Lactation |
| Ages 19-50 |
1.3 mg |
1.3 mg |
|
|
| Ages 51+ |
1.7 mg |
1.5 mg |
|
|
| All Ages |
|
|
1.9 mg |
2.0 mg |
| Results of two national surveys, the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III 1988-94) and
the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (1994-96 CSFII) , indicated that diets of most Americans meet current intake
recommendations for vitamin B6 . |
Clinical signs of vitamin B6 deficiency are rarely seen in the United States. Many older
Americans, however, have low blood levels of vitamin B6, which may suggest a marginal or sub-optimal vitamin B6 nutritional
status. Vitamin B6 deficiency can occur in individuals with poor quality diets that are deficient in many nutrients. Symptoms occur
during later stages of deficiency, when intake has been very low for an extended time. Signs of vitamin B6 deficiency include
dermatitis (skin inflammation), glossitis (a sore tongue), depression, confusion, and convulsions . Vitamin B6 deficiency also can
cause anemia Some of these symptoms can also result from a variety of medical conditions other than vitamin B6 deficiency. It is
important to have a physician evaluate these symptoms so that appropriate medical care can be given.
Who may need extra vitamin B6 to prevent a deficiency?
Individuals with a poor quality diet or an inadequate B6 intake for an extended period may benefit from taking a vitamin B6
supplement if they are unable to increase their dietary intake of vitamin B6 . Alcoholics and older adults are more likely to have
inadequate vitamin B6 intakes than other segments of the population because they may have limited variety in their diet. Alcohol also
promotes the destruction and loss of vitamin B6 from the body.
Asthmatic children treated with the medicine theophylline may need to take a vitamin B6 supplement . Theophylline decreases body
stores of vitamin B6 , and theophylline-induced seizures have been linked to low body stores of the vitamin. A physician should be
consulted about the need for a vitamin B6 supplement when theophylline is prescribed. See: Vitamin B12 -
Cobalamin
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Vitamin A
Vitamin B1-Thiamine
Vitamin B2
Vitamin B3 - Niacin
Vitamin B6 - Pyridoxine
Vitamin B12 - Cobalamin
Other B Vitamins
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
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